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Table 1 Characteristics of H. pylori studies

From: The association between Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in children and Helicobacter pylori as the marker for sanitation

Country

H. pylori prevalencea

Min. ageb

Max. agec

No.d

Methodf

Population sourceg

Level of urbanizationh

Yeari

Regionk

Reference

Algeria

45

0

9

42

Serology

Clinic

Urban

1987

Africa

Megraud et al. [23]

Brazil

36.7

3

5

60

Serology

Clinic

Urban

1992

Americas

Oliveira et al. [24]

Colombia

61

2

5

373

UBT

Community

Rural

1992

Americas

Goodman et al. [25]

Costa Rica

60

7

10

60

Serology

Community

Rural

1984-1988

Americas

Sierra et al. [26]

USA

35

1

5

182

Serology

Clinic

Both

1998

Americas

Elitsur et al. [27]

China

53

3

4

19

UBT

Community

Rural

1994

Western Pacific

Ma et al. [28]

India

6

3

10

30

Serology

Clinic

Urban

1989

Southeast Asia

Graham et al. [29]

Japan

12.5

1

4

56

Serology

Clinic

Urban

1994

Western Pacific

Matsukura et al. [30]

Korea

6

1

3

52

Serology

Clinic

Both

1998j

Western Pacific

Malaty et al. [31]

Vietnam

13

0

9

61

Serology

Clinic

Urban

1987

Western Pacific

Megraud et al. [23]

Belgium

6.4

1

5

n/ae

Serology

Clinic

Both

1995 j

Europe

Blecker et al. [32]

Estonia

4.9

9

9

94

Serology

Community

Both

1993-1996

Europe

Vorobja et al. [33]

Finland

6

3

3

131

Serology

Community

Both

1980

Europe

Ashorn et al. [34]

France

4

0

9

113

Serology

Clinic

Urban

1987

Europe

Megraud et al. [23]

Germany

8.3

3

5

36

Serology

Clinic

Urban

1984

Europe

Hornemann et al. [35]

Iceland

9

0

9

13

Serology

Clinic

Both

1991-1992

Europe

Bergenzaum et al. [36]

Italy

22

1

10

32

Serology

Clinic

Urban

1995

Europe

Luzza et al. [37]

Netherlands

9

6

8

80

Serology

Clinic

Urban

1993

Europe

Roosendaal et al. [38]

Poland

16.6

3

5

60

Serology

Clinic

Urban

1996

Europe

Czkwianianc et al. [39]

Portugal

42.6

3

6

n/ae

Serology

Clinic

Urban

1994 j

Europe

Quina et al. [40]

Russia

30

1

4

44

Serology

Community

Urban

1996

Europe

Malaty et.al [41]

Spain

11

2

9

203

Serology

Clinic

Both

1991-1992

Europe

Cilla et al. [42]

Sweden

7.7

1

4

661

Serology

Clinic

Urban

1984-1995

Europe

Grandstorm et al. [43]

Switzerland

7

5

7

432

UBT

Community

Both

1998

Europe

Boltshauser et al. [44]

Australia

25

2

4

20

Serology

Clinic

Urban

1991

Western Pacific

Hardikar et al. [45]

Gambia

31

0

5

353

Serology

Community

Rural

1990

Africa

Sullivan et al. [46]

Singapore

3

0

4

305

Serology

Community

Urban

1992

Western Pacific

[17]

Thailand

74

1

4

27

Serology

Community

Urban

1990

Southeast Asia

Perez-Perez et al. [18]

  1. a H. pylori prevalence (%).
  2. b Minimum age of children in the studies.
  3. c Maximum age of children in the studies.
  4. d Number of children in the age group.
  5. e Only the prevalence rate was available.
  6. f Method of detection was either by serological assay using IgG (serology) or urea breath test (UBT).
  7. g Population source was either clinic-based or community-based.
  8. h Studies were conducted in urban, rural or both areas.
  9. i The year the H. pylori study was done.
  10. j The year H. pylori study was published.
  11. k World Health Organization region a country is situated.