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Table 2 Association of clinico-demographic characteristics of patients with and without bacterial isolates from surgical site infections

From: Antimicrobial resistance in hospitalized surgical patients: a silently emerging public health concern in Uganda

Variable

Bacteria isolated from SSI (n = 216)

No bacteria isolated from SSI (n = 98)

OR [95% CI]

P-value

Age (years)

≤ 19

38 (67.9%)

18 (32.1%)

1

 

20 – 39

133 (63.6%)

76 (36.4%)

0.83(0 .42- 1.61)

0.5577

40 – 59

31 (91.2%)

3 (8.8%)

4.89( 1.24- 27.87)

0.0112

≥ 60

14 (93.3%)

1 (6.7%)

6.63( 0.86- 295.67)

0.0478

Sex

Male

61 (81.3%)

14 (18.7%)

1

 

Female

155 (64.9%)

84 (35.1%)

0.42(0 .21- 0.82)

0.0072

Ward type

Obst & Gyn

115 (59.0%)

80 (41%)

1

 

General Surgery

89 (85.6%)

15 (14.4%)

4.13( 2.17- 8.22)

0.0000

Orthopedic

12 (80.0%)

3 (20.0%)

2.78(0.72- 15.79)

0.1085

Operation

Elective

57 (83.8%)

11 (16.2%)

1

 

Emergency

159 (64.6%)

87 (35.4%)

0.35( 0.16- 0.73)

0.0025

Duration from admission to operation

≤ 1 day

147 (65.3%)

78 (34.7%)

1

 

> 1 days

69 (77.5%)

20 (22.5%)

1.83( 1.01- 3.42)

0.0356

Duration from admission to discharge

≤ 14days

48 (58.5%)

34 (41.5%)

1

 

> 14days

110 (82.7%)

23 (17.3%)

3.39( 1.73- 6.68)

0.0001

Antibiotic chemoprophylaxis

CRO *

124 (62.9%)

73 (37.1%)

1

 

CRO* + MZ**

70 (76.9%)

21 (23.1%)

1.96( 1.08- 3.65)

0.0187

Others ×

22 (84.6%)

4 (15.4%)

3.24( 1.04- 13.37)

0.0289

Duration of Postoperative antibiotics

≤ 3days

48 (50.5%)

47 (49.5%)

1

 

> 3days

168 (76.7%)

51 (23.3%)

3.23( 1.87- 5.54)

0.0001

Outcome

Improved

147 (72.1%)

57 (27.9%)

1

 
 

Died

10 (100.0%)

0 (0.0%)

-

0.042

  1. *Ceftriaxone, **Metronidazole, ×Ampicloxacillin, Ciprofloxacin & Gentamicin.