Table 3 Comparison of current study cohort and other human milk fed cohorts
From: Human milk feeding supports adequate growth in infants ≤ 1250 grams birth weight
Current study human milk + HMF 60*(n = 104) | Human milk + HMF 40†(n = 71) | Human milk + HMF 100†(n = 67) | Bovine HMF or formula†(n = 69) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Birth weight, g | 913 ± 182‡ | 909 ± 193 | 945 ± 202 | 922 ± 197 | 0.67 |
Birth length, cm | 34.4 ± 2.6 | 34.9 ± 3.2 | 35.2 ± 3.1 | 35.0 ± 2.9 | 0.16 |
Birth head circumference, cm | 24.2 ± 1.8 | 24.6 ± 1.9 | 24.6 ± 2.1 | 24.7 ± 1.6 | 0.35 |
Gestational age, wks | 27.6 ± 2.0 | 27.1 ± 2.3 | 27.2 ± 2.2 | 27.3 ± 2.0 | 0.70 |
APGAR 5 minute | 7 ± 2 | 8 ± 1 | 7 ± 2 | 7 ± 2 | 0.06 |
Male/Female, n (%) | 49/55 (47/53) | 25/46 (35/65) | 32/35 (48/52) | 36/33 (52/48) | 0.21 |
Race: White, n (%) | 28 (27) | 37 (52) | 33 (49) | 34 (49) | 0.001 |
Black | 40 (38) | 17 (24) | 20 (30) | 10 (14) | |
Hispanic | 24 (23) | 15 (21) | 13 (19) | 22 (32) | |
Other | 12 (12) | 2 (3) | 1 (2) | 2 (3) | |
Antenatal steroids, n (%) | 77 (74) | 51 (72) | 56 (83) | 53 (77) | 0.39 |
Weight gain (g/kg/d) | 24.8 ± 5.4 | 14.6 ± 4.5 | 14.0 ± 2.9 | 16.0 ± 7.8 | <0.001 |
Length (cm/wk) | 0.99 ± 0.23 | 0.93 ± 0.53 | 0.86 ± 0.44 | 0.93 ± 0.35 | 0.008 |
Head circumference (cm/wk) | 0.72 ± 0.14 | 0.72 ± 0.22 | 0.71 ± 0.22 | 0.74 ± 0.22 | 0.84 |
Days to full feeds | 18.2 ± 10.6 | 24.4 ± 12.7 | 26.5 ± 18.0 | 25.0 ± 13.5 | <0.001 |
Day of life feeds initiated | 3.3 ± 2.9 | 5.6 ± 6.6 | 4.3 ± 3.9 | 4.7 ± 4.8 | 0.56 |
Day of life feeds fortified | 13.0 ± 8.3 | 14.1 ± 9.0 | 21.0 ± 14.9 | 18.4 ± 9.2 | <0.001 |
TPN days | 13 (10, 19)§ | 20 (11,33) | 20 (13,34) | 22 (13,34) | <0.001 |
% of human milk that was mother’s own milk | 65.7 ± 40.3 | 70.6 ± 40.9 | 67.5 ± 37.2 | N/A | 0.046 |