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Table 2 Relationship between socio-demographic, immunological and clinical characteristics of patients and anemia

From: Anemia in a cohort of HIV-infected Hispanics: prevalence, associated factors and impact on one-year mortality

 

Prevalence of anemia

Univariable analysis

Multivariable analysis*

Variable

%

p-value

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

Sex

      

 Male

40.0

0.103

1

 

1

 

 Female

44.4

 

1.20

0.96-1.49

1.30

0.98-1.74

Age (years)

      

 ≤35

37.4

0.016

1

 

1

 

 36-45

40.8

 

1.15

0.90-1.48

0.96

0.70-1.32

 >45

46.7

 

1.47

1.13-1.92

1.11

0.79-1.57

Education level

      

 College

32.0

<0.001

1

 

1

 

 High school

43.9

 

1.66

1.28-2.16

1.32

0.95-1.83

 Less than high school

46.9

 

1.88

1.43-2.47

1.33

0.93-1.89

Employment status

      

 Employed

25.5

<0.001

1

 

1

 

 Unemployed

46.6

 

2.55

1.96-3.33

2.02

1.45-2.79

Alcohol use

      

 No

39.5

0.148

1

   

 Yes

43.2

 

1.17

0.95-1.43

  

Intravenous drug use

      

 No

41.0

0.658

1

   

 Yes

42.2

 

1.05

0.85-1.31

  

BMI (kg/m2)

      

 Normal (18.5-24.9)

49.4

<0.001

1

 

1

 

 Underweight (<18.5)

74.4

 

2.99

1.96-4.54

1.50

0.91-2.47

 Overweight (25.0-29.9)

26.8

 

0.38

0.29-0.49

0.43

0.32-0.59

 Obese (≥30.0)

22.7

 

0.30

0.21-0.43

0.44

0.29-0.67

CD4 count (cells/μL)

      

 ≥200

23.9

<0.001

1

 

1

 

 <200

63.2

 

5.46

4.34-6.86

2.66

1.94-3.66

HIV viral load (copies/mL)

      

 <10,000

25.4

<0.001

1

 

1

 

 10,000-100,000

34.0

 

1.51

1.14-2.01

1.13

0.80-1.59

 >100,000

61.1

 

4.62

3.53-6.03

1.94

1.36-2.78

Platelets count (cells/μL)

      

 ≥150,000

36.7

<0.001

1

 

1

 

 <150,000

56.9

 

2.28

1.78-2.91

1.24

0.89-1.71

White blood cell count (cells/μL)

      

 ≥4,000

29.4

<0.001

1

 

1

 

 <4,000

66.9

 

4.84

3.83-6.12

2.42

1.78-3.28

Clinical AIDS

      

 No

37.6

<0.001

1

 

1

 

 Yes

78.7

 

6.15

4.05-9.35

2.39

1.39-4.09

Received ART

      

 No

38.0

0.044

1

 

1

 

 Yes

43.4

 

1.25

1.01-1.55

0.76

0.56-1.03

  1. *Logistic regression, n = 1,307. Some patients (n = 179) were not considered in this analysis because they had missing values in any of the variables included in the model: Education level = 7; Employment status = 25; Alcohol use = 7; Intravenous drug use = 2; BMI = 115; CD4 count = 33; HIV viral load = 27; Platelets count = 9.
  2. BMI, body mass index; ART, antiretroviral treatment; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.