| Prevalence of anemia | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis* | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | % | p-value | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Male | 40.0 | 0.103 | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 Female | 44.4 |  | 1.20 | 0.96-1.49 | 1.30 | 0.98-1.74 |
Age (years) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 ≤35 | 37.4 | 0.016 | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 36-45 | 40.8 |  | 1.15 | 0.90-1.48 | 0.96 | 0.70-1.32 |
 >45 | 46.7 |  | 1.47 | 1.13-1.92 | 1.11 | 0.79-1.57 |
Education level | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 College | 32.0 | <0.001 | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 High school | 43.9 |  | 1.66 | 1.28-2.16 | 1.32 | 0.95-1.83 |
 Less than high school | 46.9 |  | 1.88 | 1.43-2.47 | 1.33 | 0.93-1.89 |
Employment status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Employed | 25.5 | <0.001 | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 Unemployed | 46.6 |  | 2.55 | 1.96-3.33 | 2.02 | 1.45-2.79 |
Alcohol use | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 39.5 | 0.148 | 1 |  |  |  |
 Yes | 43.2 |  | 1.17 | 0.95-1.43 |  |  |
Intravenous drug use | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 41.0 | 0.658 | 1 |  |  |  |
 Yes | 42.2 |  | 1.05 | 0.85-1.31 |  |  |
BMI (kg/m2) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Normal (18.5-24.9) | 49.4 | <0.001 | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 Underweight (<18.5) | 74.4 |  | 2.99 | 1.96-4.54 | 1.50 | 0.91-2.47 |
 Overweight (25.0-29.9) | 26.8 |  | 0.38 | 0.29-0.49 | 0.43 | 0.32-0.59 |
 Obese (≥30.0) | 22.7 |  | 0.30 | 0.21-0.43 | 0.44 | 0.29-0.67 |
CD4 count (cells/μL) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 ≥200 | 23.9 | <0.001 | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 <200 | 63.2 |  | 5.46 | 4.34-6.86 | 2.66 | 1.94-3.66 |
HIV viral load (copies/mL) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 <10,000 | 25.4 | <0.001 | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 10,000-100,000 | 34.0 |  | 1.51 | 1.14-2.01 | 1.13 | 0.80-1.59 |
 >100,000 | 61.1 |  | 4.62 | 3.53-6.03 | 1.94 | 1.36-2.78 |
Platelets count (cells/μL) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 ≥150,000 | 36.7 | <0.001 | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 <150,000 | 56.9 |  | 2.28 | 1.78-2.91 | 1.24 | 0.89-1.71 |
White blood cell count (cells/μL) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 ≥4,000 | 29.4 | <0.001 | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 <4,000 | 66.9 |  | 4.84 | 3.83-6.12 | 2.42 | 1.78-3.28 |
Clinical AIDS | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 37.6 | <0.001 | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 Yes | 78.7 |  | 6.15 | 4.05-9.35 | 2.39 | 1.39-4.09 |
Received ART | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 38.0 | 0.044 | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 Yes | 43.4 |  | 1.25 | 1.01-1.55 | 0.76 | 0.56-1.03 |