Table 2 Prevalence of Shigella by clinical symptoms and risk factors among acute diarrhea patients at Mekelle hospital (August to November, 2014)
Characteristics | Patients, N (%) | Positive isolates (%) | X2 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Fever | ||||
Yes | 87 (40.3) | 7 (8) | NA | NA |
No | 129 (59.7) | 8 (6.2) | ||
Vomiting | ||||
Yes | 88 (40.7) | 4 (4.5) | NA | NA |
No | 128 (59.3) | 11 (8.6) | ||
Abdominal cramp | ||||
Yes | 136 (63) | 11 (8.1) | NA | NA |
No | 80 (37) | 4 (5) | ||
Duration of diarrhea | ||||
1–5 days | 150 (69.4) | 6 (4) | NA | NA |
6–10 days | 34 (15.7) | 4 (11.8) | ||
11–14 days | 32 (14.8) | 5 (15.6) | ||
Consistency of diarrhea | ||||
Watery | 78 (36.1) | 5 (6.4) | NA | NA |
Mucus | 93 (43.1) | 2 (2.2) | ||
Bloody | 19 (8.8) | 4 (21.1) | ||
Mucus + blood | 26 (12) | 4 (15.4) | ||
Presence of latrine at home | ||||
Yes | 169 (78.2) | 7 (4.1) | ||
No | 47 (21.8) | 8 (17) | 7.5 | 0.002 |
Source of drinking water | ||||
Private pipe water | 154 (71.3) | 6 (3.9) | ||
Public pipe water | 37 (17.1) | 6 (16.2) | ||
Well | 25 (11.6) | 3 (12) | 9.19 | 0.027 |
Hand washing habit before meal | ||||
Yes | 154 (71.3) | 7 (4.5) | ||
No | 62 (28.7) | 8 (12.9) | 4.78 | 0.029 |
Hand washing habit | ||||
With soap | 36 (23.4) | 1 (2.8) | ||
Without soap | 118 (76.6) | 6 (5.1) | 0.338 | 0.561 |