Table 1 Characteristics of subjects included in the study in Yaounde, Cameroun
Characteristics | Overall n = 1287 (%) | Men n = 619 (%) | Women n = 668 (%) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | ||||
Mean (SD) | 34.4 (12.8) | 34.2 (13.1) | 34.5 (12.4) | 0.309 |
Median (25th–75th percentiles) | 30 (24–42) | 30 (24–42) | 31 (25–42) | 0.312 |
Min–Max | 19–83 | 19–81 | 19–83 | / |
Age group, years | ||||
19–39 | 911 (70.8) | 446 (72.1) | 465 (69.6) | 0.124 |
40–59 | 306 (23.8) | 134 (21.6) | 172 (25.7) | |
≥60 | 70 (5.4) | 39 (6.3) | 31 (4.6) | |
Level of education | ||||
≤secondary | 854/1285 (66.5) | 363/618 (58.7) | 491/667 (73.6) | <0.001 |
Higher education | 431/1285 (33.5) | 255/618 (41.3) | 176/667 (26.4) | |
Subject/chamber | ||||
≤2 | 711/1281 (55.5) | 384/617 (62.2) | 327/664 (49.2) | <0.001 |
>2 | 570:1281 (44.5) | 233:617 (37.8) | 337/664 (50.8) | |
Tobacco smoking | ||||
Current smoker | 120/1283 (9.4) | 105/618 (17) | 15/665 (2.3) | <0.001 |
Ex-smokers | 87/1283 (6.8) | 76/618 (12.3) | 11/665 (1.7) | |
Non smokers | 10/1283 (83.9) | 437/618 (70.7) | 639/665 (96.1) | |
Cooking fuel | ||||
Clean | 557/1252 (44.5) | 313/659 (52.8) | 244/593 (37) | <0.001 |
Biomass | 99/1252 (7.9) | 3/659 (6.6) | 60/593 (9.1) | |
Mixed | 596/1252 (47.6) | 241/659 (40.6) | 355/593 (53.9) | |
Past history of TB | ||||
No | 1266 (98.4) | 608 (98.2) | 658 (98.5) | 0.692 |
Yes | 21 (1.6) | 11 (1.8) | 10 (1.5) | |
Past history of pneumonia | ||||
No | 1250/1286 (97.2) | 598/619 (48.1) | 652/667 (97.8) | 0.214 |
Yes | 36/1286 (2.8) | 21/619 (3.4) | 15/667 (2.2) | |
HIV infection | ||||
No | 1005 (78.1) | 456 (73.7) | 549 (82.2) | <0.001 |
Yes | 11 (0.9) | 4 (0.6) | 7 (1) | |
Don’t know | 271 (21.1) | 159 (25.7) | 112 (16.8) | |
Chronic cough | ||||
No | 1262 (98.1) | 607 (98.1) | 655 (98.1) | 0.992 |
Yes | 25 (1.9) | 12 (1.9) | 13 (1.9) | |
Chronic expectoration | ||||
No | 1277 (99.2) | 614 (99.2) | 663 (99.3) | >0.999 |
Yes | 10 (0.8) | 5 (0.8) | 5 (0.7) | |
Chronic dyspnea | ||||
No | 1229 (95.5) | 602 (97.3) | 627 (93.9) | 0.003 |
Yes | 58 (4.5) | 17 (2.7) | 41 (6.1) | |
Wheezes | ||||
No | 1198/1283 (93.4) | 583/617 (48.1) | 615/666 (92.3) | 0.122 |
Yes | 85/1283 (6.6) | 34/617 (5.5) | 51/666 (7.7) | |
BMI, kg, mean(SD) | 26.4 (5.4) | 25.3 (4.3) | 27.5 (6.1) | <0.001 |
AFL–pre-LLN | ||||
Yes | 49 (3.8) | 32 (5.2) | 17 (2.5) | 0.014 |
No | 1238 (96.2) | 587 (94.8) | 651 (97.5) | |
AFL–fixed ratio | ||||
Yes | 9 (0.7) | 6 (1) | 3 (0.4) | 0.263 |
No | 1278 (99.3) | 613 (99) | 665 (99.6) | |
COPD–LLN | ||||
Yes | 31/1276 (2.4) | 21/608 (3.5) | 10/668 (1.5) | 0.023 |
No | 1245/1276 (97.6) | 587/608 (96.5) | 587/668 (96.5) | |
COPD–fixed-ratio | ||||
Yes | 7/1276 (0.5) | 4 (0.7) | 3 (0.4) | 0.715 |
No | 1269/1276 (99.5) | 604/608 (99.3) | 665/668 (99.6) | |