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Table 3 Screening of liposomal formulations for antibacterial activity

From: Assessment of free fatty acids and cholesteryl esters delivered in liposomes as novel class of antibiotic

ID

SE

MRSA

VRE

ENC

PACF

PA

AB

TL

CR

TL

CR

TL

CR

TL

CR

TL

CR

TL

CR

TL

CR

PA1

64

−11

62

75

53

−89

−14

−80

4

32

20

13

23

−93

PA3

67

3

69

82

99

−63

14

−56

84

92

28

5

0

−91

PA4

100

8

32

62

99

−90

−10

6

3

15

41

45

35

−59

PA6

66

−11

42

59

65

−85

7

−48

12

34

−17

−22

46

−58

SA1

15

−14

63

63

−76

−91

22

−72

0

10

−7

18

28

−76

SA3

−28

−8

64

72

83

−78

22

−93

70

93

27

7

26

−60

SA4

100

7

38

64

100

−99

−18

−11

12

19

44

47

31

−63

SA6

5

−61

46

50

−25

−86

−30

−143

−16

27

−22

−25

29

−81

OA1

32

−21

62

79

40

−142

56

−60

22

38

−1

8

17

−77

OA3

50

−49

80

83

50

−41

−66

−117

87

93

−9

4

14

−92

OA4

31

−26

59

79

55

−58

−7

−25

12

17

52

45

31

−84

OA6

−10

0

66

59

−12

−18

44

30

11

25

−25

−21

1

−72

LA1

5

−27

49

70

25

−156

−31

−121

8

46

−6

12

18

−70

LA3

100

−57

55

83

18

−62

−37

−399

97

93

12

1

29

−61

LA4

86

−32

60

79

94

−101

89

−103

10

20

5

45

0

−75

LA6

9

−37

45

57

45

−156

−140

−135

2

25

−34

−26

22

−81

AA1

−37

51

48

73

66

−14

79

34

−1

44

−5

6

31

−85

AA3

72

94

50

82

−8

−40

−6

8

91

94

−17

−8

34

−57

AA4

65

36

85

84

89

43

95

54

15

18

51

47

33

−55

AA6

45

−69

45

58

33

−91

−1

−131

−8

14

−29

−20

34

−55

DA1

22

2

72

−42

−10

−11

34

42

38

−90

19

−91

−1

−76

DA3

−34

42

55

95

98

−105

35

15

71

94

−9

10

24

−77

DA4

15

1

28

54

−29

44

11

80

18

36

14

30

5

−67

DA6

10

18

44

55

−11

−40

−13

−14

−18

28

−32

−13

9

−71

CP1

85

99

74

74

−14

−7

36

70

27

43

−10

−19

21

−83

CP2

71

100

67

74

−15

3

15

9

87

66

−5

−6

15

−90

CP3

77

99

42

54

−44

5

5

39

86

86

24

28

4

−87

CP5

62

100

65

71

−6

7

9

58

82

63

−19

−9

15

−75

CO1

19

43

53

57

−11

−26

29

24

34

20

−9

−5

24

−69

CO3

10

100

59

70

62

−6

−34

−22

99

95

−25

−18

4

−78

CO4

−20

14

38

90

84

16

29

29

12

18

11

50

35

−56

CL1

 NT

NT

64

67

 NT

 NT

 NT

 NT

95

72

−41

−26

NT 

 NT

CL3

100

52

65

47

21

−39

94

36

100

88

45

23

16

−82

CL4

 NT

NT

80

68

NT

NT

NT

NT

84

33

−22

0

 NT

 NT

CA1

74

10

59

54

−16

−27

45

29

82

24

11

−4

19

−70

CA3

−44

11

60

65

11

−43

50

19

100

93

−20

−24

24

−72

CA4

53

94

53

87

31

100

47

−1

72

25

8

42

13

−68

  1. Test lipids (see Table 1 for abbreviations) prepared in carrier liposomes formulations #1–6 with unique phospholipid composition (TL) and carrier liposomes without test lipid (CR) were screened against bacterial strains relevant to healthcare associated infections (SE multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 700566, MRSA methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33591, VRE vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 700802, ENC Enterococcus cloacae ATCC 49141, PA Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, PACF Pseudomonas aeruginosa, cystic fibrosis isolate [16], AB Acinetobacter baumanii ATCC 19606). All test lipids where employed at 64 μg/mL. The corresponding carrier lipid concentrations were about 10–12 times higher for fatty acid formulations and 4–5 times higher for cholesteryl ester formulations. Bacterial growth was quantified based on relative fluorescence units (RFU) of the DNA probe Syto 9. Italics 80–95 % growth inhibition; Bolded and in italics >95 % growth inhibition. Data represent means of the % inhibition compared to untreated bacteria from two independent experiments conducted each in triplicate. ID Liposome identification, for example PA1 stands for palmitic acid prepared in carrier liposomes # 1
  2. NT not tested