Predictor variable | Age <4 years (n = 278) | Age 4–9 years (n = 248) | Age 10–13 years (n = 271) | Age ≥14 years (n = 336) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Positive EGD outcome: n (%) | p | Positive EGD outcome: n (%) | p | Positive EGD outcome: n (%) | p | Positive EGD outcome: n (%) | p | |
Female gender | 41 (14.7) | 0.810 | 81 (32.7) | 0.962 | 75 (27.7) | 0.02 | 142 (42.3) | 0.076 |
African–American race | 28 (10.1) | 0.001 | 20 (8.1) | 0.715 | 14 (5.2) | 0.562 | 33 (10.1) | 0.087 |
Abdominal pain | 10 (3.6) | 0.305 | 110 (44.4) | 0.352 | 120 (44.3) | 0.550 | 162 (48.2) | 0.255 |
Vomiting | 57 (20.5) | 0.477 | 39 (15.7) | 0.968 | 45 (16.6) | 0.925 | 64 (19) | 0.652 |
Diarrhea | 13 (4.7) | 0.586 | 16 (6.5) | 0.265 | 27 (10) | 0.011 | 31 (9.2) | 0.946 |
Nausea | 1 (0.4) | 0.754 | 36 (14.5) | 0.395 | 50 (18.5) | 0.075 | 78 (23.2) | 0.729 |
Regurgitation | 3 (1.1) | 0.714 | 11 (4.4) | 0.237 | 20 (7.4) | 0.512 | 25 (7.4) | 0.502 |
Choking/gagging | 20 (7.2) | 0.549 | 1 (0.7) | 0.05 | 5 (1.8) | 0.746 | 4 (1.2) | 0.576 |
Dysphagia | 3 (1.1) | 0.140 | 17 (6.9) | 0.285 | 32 (11.8) | 0.02 | 45 (13.4) | 0.100 |
Odynophagia | 0 (0) | – | 1 (0.7) | 0.430 | 0 (0) | – | 4 (1.2) | 0.172 |
Feeding refusal | 13 (4.7) | 0.287 | 2 (0.8) | 0.148 | 2 (0.7) | 0.971 | 0 (0) | – |
Anorexia | 2 (1.8) | 0.559 | 10 (4) | 0.019 | 9 (3.3) | 0.782 | 18 (5.4) | 0.474 |
Belching | 2 (0.7) | 0.145 | 5 (2) | 0.02 | 8 (3) | 0.615 | 15 (4.5) | 0.977 |
Cough | 5 (1.8) | 0.783 | 4 (1.6) | 0.077 | 2 (0.7) | 0.091 | 3 (0.9) | 0.141 |
Heartburn | 0 (0) | – | 18 (7.3) | 0.657 | 22 (8.1) | 0.076 | 36 (10.7) | 0.080 |
Bloating/flatulence | 6 (2.2) | 0.774 | 24 (9.7) | 0.028 | 14 (5.2) | 0.611 | 11 (3.3) | 0.677 |
Throat pain | 2 (0.7) | 0.656 | 9 (3.6) | 0.643 | 8 (3) | 0.941 | 4 (1.2) | 0.515 |
Irritability | 34 (12.2) | 0.127 | 2 (0.8) | 0.628 | 1 (0.4) | 0.469 | 0 (0) | – |
Weight loss/failure to thrive | 34 (12.2) | 0.204 | 13 (5.2) | 0.195 | 28 (10.3) | 0.263 | 26 (7.7) | 0.996 |
Positive celiac antibodies | 11 (4) | 0.049 | 35 (14.1) | 0.253 | 36 (13.3) | 0.083 | 23 (6.8) | 0.310 |
Allergies | 18 (6.5) | 0.155 | 25 (10.1) | 0.751 | 23 (8.5) | 0.808 | 24 (7.1) | 0.323 |