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Table 1 Household characteristics of a sample of homes (n = 53) with TB disease in Klerksdorp, South Africa

From: Indoor air pollution from secondhand tobacco smoke, solid fuels, and kerosene in homes with active tuberculosis disease in South Africa

 

Total (n = 53)

Household TB History*

No (n = 38, 72%)

Yes (n = 15, 28%)

Housing type, n (%)

 House

43 (81)

28 (74)

15 (100)

 Flat

1 (2)

1 (3)

0 (–)

 Shack

9 (17)

9 (24)

0 (–)

Number of rooms, median (IQR)

3 (3, 4.3)

4 (3, 5)

3 (3, 4)

Prevalence of household HIV, n (%)

13 (25)

7 (18)

6 (40)

Cooking fuel, n (%)

 Electricity only

41 (79)

30 (79)

11 (73)

 Any paraffin/kerosene

10 (19)

6 (16)

4 (27)

 Any wood

3 (6)

3 (8)

0 (–)

 Any paraffin/kerosene or wood

12 (23)

8 (21)

4 (27)

Secondary cooking fuel source, n (%)

9 (17)

7 (18)

2 (13)

Primary cooking location inside home, n (%)

48 (92)

35 (92)

13 (93)

Use of paraffin/kerosene or wood fuel for heating, n (%)

8 (15)

6 (16)

2 (13)

Any paraffin/kerosene or wood fuel use (cook or heat), n (%)

16 (30)

11 (29)

5 (33)

Cooking with paraffin/kerosene or wood fuel ≥ 1 h/day, n (%)

8 (15)

5 (13)

3 (20)

Heating with paraffin/kerosene or wood fuel ≥ 1 h/day, n (%)

5 (9)

4 (11)

1 (7)

Any paraffin/kerosene or wood fuel use ≥ 1 h/day, n (%)

12 (23)

8 (21)

4 (27)

Daily smoker in household, n (%)

21 (40)

13 (43)

8 (53)

Air nicotine value greater than limit of detectiona, n (%)

32 (70)

22 (65)

10 (83)

  1. aAmong homes with an air nicotine monitor (n = 46)
  2. * No statistically significant differences between any of the variables of interest comparing households with and without a history of TB