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Table 2 Changes in physical function in intervention and control groups

From: A foot-care program to facilitate self-care by the elderly: a non-randomized intervention study

Function

Intervention group (n = 11)

Baseline time mean ± standard deviation

Baseline group comparison p value1

After 6 months mean ± standard deviation

Comparison between groups after 6 months p value1

Comparison between baseline and after 6 months based on group p value

Control group (n = 10)

Left grip strength (kg)

Intervention group

21.3 ± 4.1

0.281

21.5 ± 3.8

0.521

0.562

Control group

19.3 ± 3.8

 

20.5 ± 3.0

 

0.072

Right grip strength (kg)

Intervention group

21.6 ± 3.5

0.331

21.4 ± 4.4

0.701

0.802

Control group

20.3 ± 2.7

 

20.8 ± 3.4

 

0.422

Grip between left foot toes (kg)

Intervention group

2.6 ± 0.7

0.731

2.2 ± 0.8

0.611

0.03*2

Control group

2.7 ± 0.8

 

2.3 ± 0.6

 

0.03*2

Grip between right foot toes (kg)

Intervention group

2.8 ± 0.5

0.861

2.7 ± 0.7

0.281

0.752

Control group

2.7 ± 0.8

 

2.4 ± 0.5

 

0.082

FRT age ratio (%)

Intervention group

104.0 ± 11.2

0.673

104.5 ± 9.8

0.901

0.184

Control group

101.1 ± 20.1

 

105.5 ± 22.1

 

0.342

14-m 10 walk (s)

Intervention group

6.9 ± 0.9

0.421

7.2 ± 1.1

0.411

0.232

Control group

7.2 ± 0.8

 

7.6 ± 1.1

 

0.142

  1. 1t-test
  2. 2Paired t-test
  3. 3Wilcoxon rank sum test
  4. 4Wilcoxon signed-rank test
  5. * Significant difference between baseline and follow-up