Table 2 Suboptimal LDLC concentrations in relation to socio-demographic and clinical characteristics at bivariable analysis
From: Dyslipidaemia in a Black African diabetic population: burden, pattern and predictors
Characteristic | LDLC > 2.6 mmol/l | LDLC ≤ 2.6 mmol/l | OR 95% CI | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, median (IQR) | 55.5 (48–67) | 53 (43–62) | 1.01 (0.99–1.02) | 0.224 |
Gender | ||||
Male | 71 (51.45) | 67 (49.55) | 1 | 0.001 |
Female | 188 (68.12) | 88 (31.88) | 2.02 (1.33–3.07) | |
Type of hospital | ||||
Government | 133 (66.83) | 66 (33.17) | 1 | 0.084 |
Private | 126 (58.60) | 89 (41.40) | 0.76 (0.47–1.05) | |
Place of residence | ||||
Rural | 85 (62.96) | 50 (37.04) | 1 | 0.906 |
Urban | 174 (62.37) | 105 (37.63) | 0.97 (0.64–1.49) | |
Smoking | ||||
Smoker | 8 (88.89) | 1 (11.11) | 1 | 0.135 |
Non smoker | 251 (61.98) | 154 (38.02) | 0.20 (0.03–1.64) | |
Occupation | ||||
Employed | 132 (64.08) | 74 (35.92) | 1 | 0.526 |
Unemployed | 127 (61.06) | 81 (38.94) | 0.88 (0.59–1.31) | |
Co-existing HT | ||||
Yes | 191 (67.25) | 93 (32.75) | 1 | 0.004 |
No | 68 (52.31) | 62 (47.69) | 0.53 (0.35–0.82) | |
DM type | ||||
Type 1 DM | 21 (38.18) | 34 (61.82) | 1 | <0.005 |
Type 2 DM | 234 (66.10) | 120 (33.90) | 3.16 (1.76–5.68) | |
Family history of DM | ||||
Yes | 170 (66.15) | 87 (33.85) | 1 | 0.054 |
No | 89 (56.69) | 68 (43.31) | 0.67 (0.45–1.01) | |
HIV co-morbidity | ||||
Yes | 10 (58.82) | 7 (41.18) | 1 | 0.745 |
No | 249 (62.72) | 148 (37.28) | 1.18 (0.44–3.16) | |
Median (IQR) age at diagnosis | 53.5 (49–58) | 46 (37–55) | 1.01 (0.99–1.02) | 0.379 |
Median (IQR) years duration with DM. | 3.5 (1–14) | 4.5 (2–10) | 1.02 (0.99–1.06) | 0.165 |
BMI in kg/m 2 median (IQR) | 28.7 (25–34.3) | 27 (23–30.6) | 1.04 (1.00–1.07) | 0.041 |
BP in mmHg, median (IQR) | ||||
SBP | 130 (20–150) | 139 (24–156) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.015 |
DBP | 70 (70–78) | 80 (74–91) | 1.02 (1.01–1.04) | 0.002 |
HbA1c (%), median (IQR) | 8.95 (6.8–10.1) | 9 (6.9–12.4) | 0.98 (0.93–1.03) | 0.488 |
Drugs | ||||
Insulin therapy | 106 (58.89) | 74 (41.11) | 1 | 0.113 |
On OHA | 151 (66.52) | 76 (33.48) | 1.39 (0.92–2.08) | |
Statin therapy n (%) | ||||
No | 199 (60.86) | 128 (39.14) | 1 | 0.166 |
Yes | 60 (68.97) | 27 (31.03) | 0.70 (0.42–1.16) | |