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Table 3 Assessment of in vitro drug interactions against intracellular Leishmania amastigotes

From: In vitro screening of known drugs identified by scaffold hopping techniques shows promising leishmanicidal activity for suramin and netilmicin

Drug combination

Mean FIC aS Mean \(\sum {\text{FICs}}\)a

Interaction type

5ASKH

AG83

5ASKH

AG83

Suramin–paromomycin

0.34 ± .04

0.38 ± 0.07

Synergism

Synergism

Suramin–netilmicin

0.40 ± 0.06

0.41 ± 0.05

Synergism

Synergism

Curcumin–suramin

0.48 ± 0.08

1.18 ± 0.24

Synergism

Indifference

Curcumin–netilmicin

0.23 ± 0.15

0.35 ± 0.13

Synergism

Synergism

Curcumin–paromomycin

0.34 ± 0.15

0.61 ± 0.35

Synergism

Indifference

Curcumin–primaquine

0.63 ± 0.15

0.90 ± 0.38

Indifference

Indifference

Paromomycin–netilmicin

2.1 ± 0.12

1.8 ± 0.18

Indifference

Indifference

Primaquine–paromomycin

1.5 ± 0.2

1.1 ± 0.04

Indifference

Indifference

  1. Results are given as mean ± SD of three independent experiments
  2. aMean of \(\sum {\text{FICs}}\) were used to define the nature of the interactions between the drugs against intracellular L. major (5ASKH strain) and L. donovani (AG83 strain) amastigotes