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Table 2 Association between cytopenias; and gender and age groups in malaria (N = 54) and typhoid patients (N = 25)

From: Hematological abnormalities in patients with malaria and typhoid in Tamale Metropolis of Ghana

Characteristics

αMalaria group

βTyphoid group

αMalaria group

βTyphoid group

p value* (95% CI)

 

Anemia

 

Yes, n (%)

No, n (%)

 

 Male

4 (28.6)

6 (60.0)

10 (71.4)

4 (40.0)

α1.000 (0.244–3.574), β0.428 (0.439–11.530)

 Female

12 (30.0)

6 (40.0)

28 (70.0)

9 (60.0)

 18–35

6 (16.7)

6 (54.5)

30 (83.3)

5 (45.5)

α0.002 (0.009–0.346), β0.798 (0.318–10.210)

 36–55

7 (77.8)

4 (40.0)

2 (22.2)

6 (60.0)

 56+

3 (33.3)

2 (50.0)

6 (66.7)

2 (50.0)

 

Thrombocytopenia

 

Yes, n (%)

No, n (%)

 

 Male

6 (42.9)

0 (0.0)

8 (57.1)

10 (100.0)

α0.723 (0.363–4.308), β0.051 (0.003–1.409)

 Female

15 (37.5)

6 (40.0)

25 (62.5)

9 (60.0)

 18–35

14 (38.9)

3 (27.3)

22 (61.1)

8 (72.7)

α0.349 (0.027–12.300), β0.114 (0.390–3.772)

 36–55

2 (22.2)

0 (0.0)

7 (77.8)

10 (100.0)

 56+

5 (55.6)

0 (0.0)

4 (44.4)

4 (100.0)

 

Leukopenia

 

Yes, n (%)

No, n (%)

 

 Male

2 (14.3)

1 (10.0)

12 (85.7)

9 (90.0)

α0.708 (0.108–3.053), β0.179 (0.017–1.680)

 Female

9 (22.5)

6 (40.0)

31 (77.5)

9 (60.0)

 18–35

8 (22.2)

2 (18.2)

28 (77.8)

9 (81.8)

α0.752 (0.248–21.110), β0.612 (0.153–3.360)

 36–55

2 (22.2)

1 (10.0)

7 (77.8)

9 (90.0)

 56+

1 (11.1)

0 (0.0)

8 (88.9)

4 (100.0)

 

Bicytopenia

 

Yes, n (%)

No, n (%)

 

 Male

3 (21.4)

1 (10.0)

11 (78.6)

9 (90.0)

α0.358 (0.475–12.690), β1.000 (0.106–12.460)

 Female

4 (10.0)

1 (6.7)

36 (90.0)

14 (93.3)

 18–35

2 (5.6)

1 (9.1)

34 (94.4)

10 (90.9)

α0.057 (0.016–0.860), β0.811(0.048–2.076)

 36–55

2 (22.2)

1 (10.0)

7 (77.8)

9 (90.0)

 56+

3 (33.3)

0 (0.0)

6 (66.7)

4 (100.0)

 

Pancytopenia

 

Yes, n (%)

No, n (%)

 

 Male

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

14 (100.0)

10 (100.0)

α0.560 (0.018–7.611), β1.000 (0.017–12.460)

 Female

3 (7.5)

1 (6.7)

37 (92.5)

14 (93.3)

 18–35

2 (5.6)

1 (9.1)

34 (94.4)

10 (90.9)

α0.589 (0.038–5.858), β0.811(0.048–2.076)

 36–55

1(11.1)

1 (10.0)

8 (88.9)

9 (90.0)

 56+

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

9 (100.0)

4 (100.0)

  1. Source: Field Survey. *Analyzed using Pearson’s χ2 test or Fisher’s exact test, αand βrepresent p values for association of cytopenias with gender and with age groups in Malaria group: patients with plasmodium mono-infection, and Typhoid group: patients with salmonella mono-infection, respectively. Two tailed p value significant at p < 0.05. 95% CI 95% confidence interval