From: Five-year effectiveness of short messaging service (SMS) for pre-diabetes
Time | Repeated measure ANOVA | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
p-value | ||||||||
Baseline | 6 months | 12 months | 24 months | 60 months | Group | Time | Group × time | |
Weight (kg) | 0.109 | 0.005* | 0.101 | |||||
Control | 72.32 ± 10.01 | 72.58 ± 10.29 | 72.30 ± 10.49 | 71.91 ± 10.88 | 71.33 ± 10.23 | |||
Intervention | 69.49 ± 10.52 | 69.01 ± 10.40 | 68.40 ± 10.19 | 68.47 ± 10.35 | 68.76 ± 10.88 | |||
BMI (kg/m2) | 0.121 | 0.007* | 0.206 | |||||
Control | 26.25 ± 2.95 | 26.24 ± 2.99 | 26.28 ± 3.14 | 26.18 ± 3.27 | 25.97 ± 3.08 | |||
Intervention | 25.55 ± 2.94 | 25.31 ± 3.02 | 25.18 ± 3.10 | 25.11 ± 3.04 | 25.14 ± 3.33 | |||
Waist (cm) | 0.118 | 0.006* | 0.998 | |||||
Control | 92.04 ± 8.05 | 91.78 ± 8.29 | 91.70 ± 8.33 | 91.72 ± 8.50 | 92.95 ± 7.85 | |||
Intervention | 89.86 ± 7.42 | 89.45 ± 7.22 | 89.38 ± 7.08 | 89.34 ± 7.47 | 90.82 ± 8.18 | |||
SBP (mmHg) | 0.582 | 0.599 | 0.796 | |||||
Control | 133.90 ± 16.45 | 135.18 ± 17.65 | 132.48 ± 19.13 | 133.74 ± 18.65 | 132.60 ± 17.36 | |||
Intervention | 136.54 ± 15.88 | 135.06 ± 17.16 | 135.46 ± 19.65 | 134.96 ± 16.31 | 134.05 ± 15.63 | |||
DBP (mmHg) | 0.999 | 0.140 | 0.148 | |||||
Control | 80.86 ± 11.04 | 80.34 ± 11.22 | 80.12 ± 13.02 | 79.74 ± 11.94 | 79.42 ± 12.00 | |||
Intervention | 80.32 ± 10.67 | 81.87 ± 17.94 | 77.76 ± 12.73 | 77.85 ± 11.64 | 81.74 ± 14.05 | |||
TC (mmol/L) | 0.259 | <0.001* | 0.946 | |||||
Control | 5.49 ± 0.93 | NA | 5.45 ± 0.99 | 5.42 ± 0.87 | 5.13 ± 0.85 | |||
Intervention | 5.35 ± 0.72 | NA | 5.24 ± 0.77 | 5.28 ± 0.90 | 4.96 ± 0.87 | |||
HDL (mmol/L) | 0.791 | 0.014* | 0.389 | |||||
Control | 1.32 ± 0.39 | NA | 1.22 ± 0.27 | 1.21 ± 0.26 | 1.23 ± 0.31 | |||
Intervention | 1.28 ± 0.40 | NA | 1.24 ± 0.27 | 1.22 ± 0.25 | 1.30 ± 0.28 | |||
TG (mmol/L) | 0.242 | 0.222 | 0.540 | |||||
Control | 1.77 ± 1.09 | NA | 1.95 ± 1.90 | 1.93 ± 1.91 | 1.75 ± 1.22 | |||
Intervention | 1.71 ± 0.87 | NA | 1.61 ± 1.15 | 1.65 ± 1.20 | 1.41 ± 0.71 | |||
LDL (mmol/L) | 0.263 | <0.001* | 0.922 | |||||
Control | 3.47 ± 0.85 | NA | 3.50 ± 0.92 | 3.49 ± 0.80 | 3.13 ± 0.78 | |||
Intervention | 3.34 ± 0.70 | NA | 3.32 ± 0.72 | 3.33 ± 0.77 | 3.03 ± 0.82 |