Skip to main content

Table 2 Groups of antimicrobial drugs given to surveyed patients according to the survey year

From: A trend in prevalence of antimicrobial use and appropriateness of antimicrobial therapy in an acute care hospital from 2018 to 2019: repeated prevalence surveys in Japan

Typea

August 2018b

August 2019b

All antimicrobial drugs

79 (100.0)

87 (100.0)

First-generation cephalosporins

20 (25.3)

4 (4.6)

 Cefazolin

19 (24.1)

0 (0.0)

 Cefalexin

1 (1.3)

4 (4.6)

Penicillin combinations

16 (20.3)

10 (11.5)

 Piperacillin–tazobactam

3 (3.8)

4 (4.6)

 Ampicillin–sulbactam

12 (15.2)

6 (6.9)

 Amoxicillin–clavulanate

1 (1.3)

0 (0.0)

Third-generation cephalosporins

15 (19.0)

33 (37.9)

 Ceftriaxone

11 (13.9)

25 (28.7)

 Cefotaxime

0 (0.0)

3 (3.4)

 Cefoperazone–sulbactam

0 (0.0)

1 (1.1)

 Cefcapene pivoxil

1 (1.3)

1 (1.1)

 Ceftazidime

2 (2.5)

0 (0.0)

 Cefditoren pivoxil

1 (1.3)

3 (3.4)

Second-generation cephalosporins

12 (15.2)

12 (13.8)

 Cefmetazole

9 (11.4)

7 (8.0)

 Cefotiam

3 (3.8)

0 (0.0)

 Cefaclor

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

 Flomoxef

0 (0.0)

5 (5.7)

Extended-spectrum penicillins

5 (6.3)

7 (8.0)

 Piperacillin

1 (1.3)

0 (0.0)

 Ampicillin

1 (1.3)

6 (6.9)

 Amoxicillin

3 (3.8)

1 (1.1)

Sulfonamide and trimethoprim combinations

4 (5.1)

1 (1.1)

 Trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole

4 (5.1)

1 (1.1)

Macrolides

3 (3.8)

0 (0.0)

 Erythromycin

1 (1.3)

0 (0.0)

 Clarithromycin

1 (1.3)

0 (0.0)

 Azithromycin

1 (1.3)

0 (0.0)

Tetracyclines

2 (2.5)

1 (1.1)

 Minocyclin

2 (2.5)

1 (1.1)

Glycopeptide (parenteral)

1 (1.3)

2 (2.3)

 Vancomycin

1 (1.3)

2 (2.3)

Intestinal anti-infectives

0 (0.0)

5 (5.7)

 Metronidazole

0 (0.0)

3 (3.4)

 Rifaximin

0 (0.0)

2 (2.3)

Fourth-generation cephalosporins

0 (0.0)

3 (3.4)

 Cefozopran

0 (0.0)

3 (3.4)

Fluoroquinolones

0 (0.0)

3 (3.4)

 Levofloxacin

0 (0.0)

3 (3.4)

Lincosamides

0 (0.0)

2 (2.3)

 Clindamycin

0 (0.0)

2 (2.3)

Nucleoside and nucleotide antivirals

0 (0.0)

2 (2.3)

 Acyclovir

0 (0.0)

1 (1.1)

 Valaciclovir

0 (0.0)

1 (1.1)

Aminoglycosides

0 (0.0)

1 (1.1)

 Gentamicin

0 (0.0)

1 (1.1)

Antimycotics

0 (0.0)

1 (1.1)

 Amphotericin B

0 (0.0)

1 (1.1)

  1. aAntimicrobial drugs were classified and reported based on the World Health Organization Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical fifth-level classification. Antimicrobial drugs were listed in order of most frequent use in the 2018 survey
  2. bData are expressed as numbers (percentages)