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Table 2 Perioperative characteristics

From: Use of spinal anaesthesia in neonates and infants in Antananarivo, Madagascar: a retrospective descriptive study

  

N

%

Surgery

Hernia (inguinal and/or scrotal) ± circumcision

50

72.5

 Bilateral hernia

26

37.7

 Right hernia

16

23.2

 Left hernia

8

11.6

Bilateral ovarian hernia

19

27.5

Surgery of lower limbs (gangrene/necrosis)

2

2.9

Spinal anesthesia (SA)

Position of the patient

 Lateral decubitus

9

13.0

 Sitting position

60

87.0

Number of punctures

 1

34

47.3

 2

22

31.9

 ≥ 3

13

18.8

Incidents during the technique (blood reflux)

 CSF reflux after a first blood reflux

1

1.4

 CSF reflux after a 2nd puncture

4

5.8

Failure of SA

 Due to the techniquea

2

 

 Due to the LA

2

2.9

General anesthesia (GA) conversion

4

5.8

2.9

  1. CSF: Cerebral Spinal Fluid; LA: Local Anesthetic; GA: General Anesthesia 
  2. aBlood reflux without secondary CSF reflux or after 2nd lumbar puncture