Variables | IADL score | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD | Range | p | |
Gender | ||||
 Male | 13.47 | 1.30 | 9–14 | 0.46a |
 Female | 13.29 | 1.34 | 7–14 | |
Races | ||||
 Malay | 13.44 | 0.81 | 12–14 | 0.91b |
 Chinese | 13.31 | 1.44 | 7–14 | |
 Indian | 13.50 | 1.27 | 10–14 | |
Educational level | ||||
 No formal education | 13.25 | 1.84 | 7–14 | 0.10b |
 Primary education | 12.93 | 1.55 | 9–14 | |
 Secondary education | 13.68 | 0.73 | 11–14 | |
 Tertiary education | 13.86 | 0.38 | 13–14 |