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  1. GABA receptors are well known as the inhibitory receptors in the central nervous system and are also found in peripheral tissues. We have previously shown that GABA receptors are involved in lung development a...

    Authors: Chunling Zhao, Chaoqun Huang, Tingting Weng, Xiao Xiao, Hong Ma and Lin Liu
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:91
  2. There is little direct data describing the outcomes and recurrent vascular morbidity and mortality of stroke survivors from low and middle income countries like Pakistan. This study describes functional, cogni...

    Authors: Maria Khan, Bilal Ahmed, Maryam Ahmed, Myda Najeeb, Emmon Raza, Farid Khan, Anoosh Moin, Dania Shujaat, Ahmed Arshad and Ayeesha Kamran Kamal
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:89
  3. WASP family proteins stimulate the actin-nucleating activity of the ARP2/3 complex. They include members of the well-known WASP and WAVE/Scar proteins, and the recently identified WASH and WHAMM proteins. WASP...

    Authors: Martin Kollmar, Dawid Lbik and Stefanie Enge
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:88
  4. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a key protein in the eukaryotic DNA replication and cell proliferation. Following the cloning and characterisation of the human PCNA gene, the question of the e...

    Authors: Ivaylo Stoimenov and Anne Lagerqvist
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:87
  5. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a crop of economic and social importance, mainly in tropical areas, and developing countries. Its molecular breeding has been hindered by a shortage of polymorphic genetic markers ...

    Authors: Selma E Macedo, Márcio C Moretzsohn, Soraya C M Leal-Bertioli, Dione MT Alves, Ediene G Gouvea, Vânia CR Azevedo and David J Bertioli
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:86
  6. The sizes of proteins are relevant to their biochemical structure and for their biological function. The statistical distribution of protein lengths across a diverse set of taxa can provide hints about the evo...

    Authors: Axel Tiessen, Paulino Pérez-Rodríguez and Luis José Delaye-Arredondo
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:85
  7. To assess the incidence of high-risk population of medical students with eating disorders in Karachi by using validated self-administered questionnaires. The earlier these disorders are diagnosed and assessed,...

    Authors: Akhtar Amin Memon, Syeda Ezz-e-Rukhshan Adil, Efaza Umar Siddiqui, Syed Saad Naeem, Syed Adnan Ali and Khalid Mehmood
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:84
  8. Indicators describing results of care are widely explored in term of patient satisfaction (PS). Among factors explaining PS, human resources indicators have been studied in terms of burnout or job satisfaction...

    Authors: Leila Moret, Emmanuelle Anthoine, Cécile Paillé, Sophie Tricaud-Vialle, Laurent Gerbaud, Alexandra Giraud-Roufast, Philippe Michel and Pierre Lombrail
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:83
  9. Pyrosequencing techniques allow scientists to perform prokaryotic genome sequencing to achieve the draft genomic sequences within a few days. However, the assemblies with shotgun sequencing are usually compose...

    Authors: Jingwei Jiang, Jun Li, Hoi Shan Kwan, Chun Hang Au, Patrick Tik Wan Law, Lei Li, Kai Man Kam, Julia Mei Lun Ling and Frederick C Leung
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:80
  10. SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) markers are rapidly becoming the markers of choice for applications in breeding because of next generation sequencing technology developments. For SNP development by NGS te...

    Authors: Arwa Shahin, Thomas van Gurp, Sander A Peters, Richard GF Visser, Jaap M van Tuyl and Paul Arens
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:79
  11. The evaluation of the hepatic parenchyma in patients with chronic liver disease is important to assess the extension, localization and relationship with adjacent anatomical structures of possible lesions. This...

    Authors: Andrea De Gottardi, Pierre-Frédéric Keller, Antoine Hadengue, Emile Giostra and Laurent Spahr
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:77
  12. Fulani ethnic group individuals are less susceptible than sympatric Mossi ethnic group, in term of malaria infection severity, and differ in antibody production against malaria antigens. The differences in sus...

    Authors: Guillaume S Sanou, Régis W Tiendrebeogo, André L Ouédraogo, Amidou Diarra, Alphonse Ouédraogo, Jean-Baptiste Yaro, Espérance Ouédraogo, Federica Verra, Charlotte Behr, Marita Troye-Blomberg, David Modiano, Amagana Dolo, Maria G Torcia, Yves Traoré, Sodiomon B Sirima and Issa Nébié
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:76
  13. The tuberculosis case register is the data source for the reports submitted by basic management units to the national tuberculosis program. Our objective was to measure the data entry time required to complete...

    Authors: Nguyen B Hoa, Chay Sokun, Chen Wei, Jens M Lauritsen and Hans L Rieder
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:75
  14. Leishmaniasis are widespread parasitic-diseases with an urgent need for more active and less toxic drugs and for effective vaccines. Understanding the biology of the parasite especially in the context of host ...

    Authors: Sondos Smandi, Fatma Z Guerfali, Mohamed Farhat, Khadija Ben-Aissa, Dhafer Laouini, Lamia Guizani-Tabbane, Koussay Dellagi and Alia Benkahla
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:74
  15. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the predominant histological subtype of esophageal cancer, is characterized by high mortality. Previous work identified important mRNA expression differences between ...

    Authors: Wusheng Yan, Joanna H Shih, Jaime Rodriguez-Canales, Michael A Tangrea, Kris Ylaya, Jason Hipp, Audrey Player, Nan Hu, Alisa M Goldstein, Philip R Taylor, Michael R Emmert-Buck and Heidi S Erickson
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:73
  16. Yersinia pestis is a bacterium that causes plague which infects a variety of mammals throughout the world. The disease is usually transmitted among wild rodents through a flea vector. The sources and routes of tr...

    Authors: Bernard M Hang'ombe, Ichiro Nakamura, Kenny L Samui, Davy Kaile, Aaron S Mweene, Bukheti S Kilonzo, Hirofumi Sawa, Chihiro Sugimoto and Brendan W Wren
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:72
  17. High quality care for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) improves patient outcomes. Still, AMI patients are treated in hospitals with unequal access to percutaneous coronary intervention. The study compares cha...

    Authors: Mai Blöndal, Tiia Ainla, Toomas Marandi, Aleksei Baburin and Jaan Eha
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:71
  18. Carcinoma of unknown primary site (CUP) has a poor prognosis and the prognostic factors in these patients are not well established. Furthermore, there are no selection criteria for patients who should benefit ...

    Authors: Kuo-Wei Chen, Chia-Jen Liu, Hsueh-Ju Lu, Cheng-Hwai Tzeng, Jin-Hwang Liu, Tzeon-Jye Chiou, Chueh-Chuan Yen, Wei-Shu Wang, Ta-Chung Chao, Hao-Wei Teng, Ming-Huang Chen, Chun-Yu Liu, Peter MH Chang and Muh-Hwa Yang
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:70
  19. Complex traits like cancer, diabetes, obesity or schizophrenia arise from an intricate interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Complex disorders often cluster in families without a clear-cut pat...

    Authors: Silvana Pereyra, Tatiana Velazquez, Bernardo Bertoni and Rossana Sapiro
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:69
  20. Some organisms can survive extreme desiccation by entering into a state of suspended animation known as anhydrobiosis. Panagrolaimus superbus is a free-living anhydrobiotic nematode that can survive rapid environ...

    Authors: Trevor Tyson, Georgina O'Mahony Zamora, Simon Wong, Máirin Skelton, Brian Daly, John T Jones, Eoin D Mulvihill, Benjamin Elsworth, Mark Phillips, Mark Blaxter and Ann M Burnell
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:68
  21. Ethiopia has had mechanisms for TB/HIV collaborative activities since 2002. However, no published account has defined the role of these collaborative efforts in strengthening linkages between HIV and TB manage...

    Authors: Aragie Kassa, Degu Jerene, Yibeltal Assefa, Azmera Teka, Abraham Aseffa and Amare Deribew
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:67
  22. Increased biotic and abiotic plant stresses due to climate change together with an expected global human population of over 9 billion by 2050 intensifies the demand for agricultural production on marginal land...

    Authors: Ruth C Martin, Kira Glover-Cutter, James C Baldwin and James E Dombrowski
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:66
  23. Metastasis is the main cause of death in cancer and is a multistep process. Moesin (MSN), a member of the ezrin-rdixin-moesin family and Claudin7 (CLDN7), a tight junction protein, both play a role in tumor ce...

    Authors: Paulette Mhawech-Fauceglia, Dan Wang, Shashikant Lele, Peter J Frederick, Tanja Pejovic and Song Liu
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:65
  24. A-to-I RNA editing is found in all phyla of animals and contributes to transcript diversity that may have profound impacts on behavior and physiology. Many transcripts of genes involved in axonal conductance, ...

    Authors: Frank D Rinkevich, Peter A Schweitzer and Jeffrey G Scott
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:63
  25. Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses are an important health problem in many Asian and African countries. The current increase in human cases demonstrates that influenza A(H5N1) is still a signifi...

    Authors: Magdalena Escorcia, Matias S Attene-Ramos, Marco Juarez Estrada and Gerardo M Nava
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:62
  26. To evaluate the scientific reasoning in basic science among undergraduate medical students, we established the National Medical Science Olympiad in Iran. In this Olympiad, the drawing of a concept map was used...

    Authors: Negar Azarpira, Mitra Amini, Javad Kojuri, Parvin Pasalar, Masud Soleimani, Saman Hossein Khani, Marzieh Ebrahimi, Hassan Niknejhad, Zahra Karimian, Farhad Lotfi, Shahram Shahabi, Iraj Saadat, Mohammad Reza Dehghani, Mohammad Ali Mohagheghi, Payman Adibi and Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:61
  27. Low birth weight (LBW), defined as birth weight less than 2500 g, has a complex etiology and may be a result of premature interruption of pregnancy or intrauterine growth restriction. The objective of this stu...

    Authors: Cátia Regina Branco da Fonseca, Maria Wany Louzada Strufaldi, Lídia Raquel de Carvalho and Rosana Fiorini Puccini
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:60
  28. Splenic injuries constitute a continuing diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to the trauma or general surgeons practicing in developing countries where sophisticated imaging facilities are either not availabl...

    Authors: Phillipo L Chalya, Joseph B Mabula, Geofrey Giiti, Alphonce B Chandika, Ramesh M Dass, Mabula D Mchembe and Japhet M Gilyoma
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:59
  29. The aims of the present study were first to detect MCID for WOMAC in a Moroccan population, and second, to identify the best pre-treatment predictors on the change of health after treatment by non-specific, no...

    Authors: Ihsane Hmamouchi, Fadoua Allali, Latifa Tahiri, Hamza Khazzani, Leila El Mansouri, Sanae Ali Ou Alla, Redouane Abouqal and Najia Hajjaj-Hassouni
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:58
  30. The 14-3-3 (YWHA) proteins are a highly conserved, ubiquitously expressed family of proteins. Seven mammalian isoforms of 14-3-3 are known (β, γ, ε, ζ, η, τ and, σ). These proteins associate with many intracel...

    Authors: Santanu De, Jennifer L Marcinkiewicz, Srinivasan Vijayaraghavan and Douglas Kline
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:57
  31. Health-related quality of life (HRQL) is a relevant outcome measures in intensive care unit (ICU). The aim of this study was to evaluate HRQL of ICU patients 3 months after discharge using the Arabic version f...

    Authors: Ibtissam Khoudri, Jihane Belayachi, Tarek Dendane, Khalid Abidi, Naoufel Madani, Aicha Zekraoui, Amine Ali Zeggwagh and Redouane Abouqal
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:56
  32. Viral hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver due to viral infections and there are groups of viruses that affects the liver of which hepatitis B and C viruses are the causative agents of sever form of liver...

    Authors: Belay Anagaw, Yitayal Shiferaw, Berhanu Anagaw, Yeshambel Belyhun, Woldearegay Erku, Fantahun Biadgelegn, Beyene Moges, Agersew Alemu, Feleke Moges and Andargachew Mulu
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:55
  33. Shigellosis is an acute invasive enteric infection caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Shigella; it is clinically manifested by bloody diarrhoea. Shigellosis is endemic in many developing countries includin...

    Authors: Anna L Njunda, Jules CN Assob, Dickson S Nsagha, Henri LF Kamga, Maghah P Awafong and Elroy P Weledji
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:54
  34. Serovars of the human pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis occupy one of three specific tissue niches. Genomic analyses indicate that the serovars have a phylogeny congruent with their pathobiology and have an average ...

    Authors: Brian W Brunelle and George F Sensabaugh
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:53
  35. Meta-analyses are necessary to synthesize data obtained from primary research, and in many situations reviews of observational studies are the only available alternative. General purpose statistical packages c...

    Authors: Jeruza L Neyeloff, Sandra C Fuchs and Leila B Moreira
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:52
  36. The goal of this Geographic Information System (GIS) study was to obtain accurate information on the locations of study subjects, road network and services for research purposes so that the clinical outcomes o...

    Authors: Antti Tanskanen, Leilani T Nillos, Antti Lehtinen, Hanna Nohynek, Diozele Hazel M Sanvictores, Eric AF Simões, Veronica L Tallo and Marilla G Lucero
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:51
  37. There are limited data on the prevalence and associated factors of truancy in southern Africa. Yet truancy should attract the attention of public health professionals, educators and policy makers as it may be ...

    Authors: Adamson S Muula, Emmanuel Rudatsikira, Olusegun Babaniyi, Peter Songolo and Seter Siziya
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:48
  38. The growing epidemic of obesity and diabetes among African American, Latino American, and Native American children in the United States has led to increasing focus on strategies for prevention. However, little...

    Authors: Eva M Vivian, Tara L Becker and Aaron L Carrel
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:47
  39. Rapid RNA extraction is commonly performed with commercial kits, which are very expensive and can involve toxic reagents. Most of these kits can be used with healthy plant tissues, but do not produce consisten...

    Authors: Hila Yaffe, Kobi Buxdorf, Illil Shapira, Shachaf Ein-Gedi, Michal Moyal-Ben Zvi, Eyal Fridman, Menachem Moshelion and Maggie Levy
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:45
  40. Capilia TB is a simple immunochromatographic assay based on the detection of MPB64 antigen specifically secreted by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC). Capilia TB was evaluated for rapid identification ...

    Authors: Christopher Muchwa, Joseph Akol, Alfred Etwom, Karen Morgan, Patrick Orikiriza, Francis Mumbowa, Paul R Odong, David P Kateete, Kathleen D Eisenach and Moses L Joloba
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:44
  41. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major infectious threat to immunocompromised patients. We recently reported a fatal epidemic of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa in an onchoematology unit, linked to massive contamina...

    Authors: Silvia D'Arezzo, Simone Lanini, Vincenzo Puro, Giuseppe Ippolito and Paolo Visca
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:43
  42. Quantification of microRNAs in specific cell populations microdissected from tissues can be used to define their biological roles, and to develop and deploy biomarker assays. In this study, a number of variabl...

    Authors: Santosh Kumar Patnaik, Eric Kannisto and Sai Yendamuri
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:40
  43. Venous blood sampling is a common procedure in health care. It is strictly regulated by national and international guidelines. Deviations from guidelines due to human mistakes can cause patient harm. Validated...

    Authors: Karin Bölenius, Christine Brulin, Kjell Grankvist, Marie Lindkvist and Johan Söderberg
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:39
  44. Childhood injuries, an important public health issue, globally affects more than 95% of children living in low-and middle-income countries. The objective of this study is to describe the epidemiology of childh...

    Authors: Nukhba Zia, Uzma R Khan, Junaid A Razzak, Prasanthi Puvanachandra and Adnan A Hyder
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2012 5:37

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