|  | 25(OH)D group, ng/mL |  |  | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | 0-10 | >10-≤20 | >20-<30 | ≥30 |  |
Characteristic | ( n = 40) | ( n = 138) | ( n = 50) | ( n = 10) | P- value |
Demographics | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Age (yr) | 55.0 ± 11.2 | 57.8 ± 11.8 | 58.8 ± 10.2 | 62.4 ± 11.3 | 0.21 |
   Male, n (%) | 26(65.0) | 104(75.4) | 38 (76.0) | 8 (80.0) | 0.57 |
   Caucasian, n (%) | 23 (57.5) | 103 (74.6) | 41 (82.0) | 10 (100.0) | 0.012 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 32.1 ± 5.6 | 30.9 ± 6.9 | 29.5 ± 5.6 | 26.5 ± 4.6 | 0.066 |
Socio-economic status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Low social support, n (%) | 11 (27.5) | 20 (14.9) | 3 (6.0) | 0 (0) | 0.023 |
   No health insurance, n (%) | 14 (35.0) | 28 (20.9) | 5 (10.4) | 1 (10.0) | 0.036 |
Lifestyle | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Smoked within 1 month, n (%) | 24 (60.0) | 49 (35.5) | 15 (30.0) | 0(0) | <0.001 |
Leisure time activity, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.047 |
   Mainly sedentary | 20 (50.0) | 56 (40.9) | 19 (38.0) | 1 (10.0) |  |
   Mild exercise | 13 (32.5) | 49 (35.8) | 11 (22.0) | 3 (30.0) |  |
   Moderate exercise | 6 (15.0) | 27 (19.7) | 17 (34.0) | 4 (40.0) |  |
   Strenuous exercise | 1 (2.5) | 5 (3.6) | 3 (6.0) | 2 (20.0) |  |
Geographical region, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.79 |
   Midwest | 18 (56.3) | 53 (45.3) | 15 (34.1) | 5 (62.5) |  |
   Northeast | 3 (9.4) | 15 (12.8) | 5 (11.4) | 0 (0) |  |
   Southeast | 5 (15.6) | 23 (19.7) | 9 (20.5) | 1 (12.5) |  |
   Southwest | 4 (12.5) | 22 (18.8) | 12 (27.3) | 2 (25.0) |  |
   West | 2 (6.3) | 4 (3.4) | 3 (6.8) | 0 (0) |  |
Season, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.064 |
   Apr-Jun | 1 (2.5) | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |  |
   Jul-Sep | 10 (25.0) | 56 (40.6) | 24 (48.0) | 7 (70.0) |  |
   Oct-Dec | 29 (72.5) | 81 (58.7) | 26 (52.0) | 3 (30.0) |  |
Comorbidities, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Diabetes | 13 (32.5) | 41 (29.7) | 8 (16.0) | 2 (20.0) | 0.21 |
   Hypertension | 26 (65.0) | 89 (64.5) | 33 (66.0) | 6 (60.0) | 0.99 |
   Prior MI | 2 (5.0) | 36 (26.1) | 9 (18.0) | 2 (20.0) | 0.019 |
   CKD | 5 (12.5) | 4 (2.9) | 2 (4.0) | 1 (10.0) | 0.06 |
   Chronic heart failure | 3 (7.5) | 6 (4.3) | 1 (2.0) | 1 (10.0) | 0.38 |
LVH on admission ECG, n (%) | 7 (17.9) | 9 (6.7) | 4 (8.2) | 0 (0) | 0.18 |
Killip class on arrival, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.35 |
   I | 36 (94.7) | 128 (94.8) | 43 (86.0) | 9 (90.0) |  |
   II | 2 (5.3) | 4 (3.0) | 5 (10.0) | 1 (10.0) |  |
   III | 0 (0) | 2 (1.5) | 2 (4.0) | 0 (0) |  |
   IV | 0 (0) | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |  |
Rose dyspnea score | 1.0 ± 0.9 | 0.9 ± 0.9 | 0.8 ± 0.8 | 0.6 ± 1.0 | 0.43 |
Final MI diagnosis, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.36 |
   STEMI | 15 (37.5) | 64 (46.4) | 23 (46.0) | 2 (20.0) |  |
   Non-STEMI | 25 (62.5) | 74 (53.6) | 27 (54.0) | 8 (80.0) |  |
LV systolic function, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.54 |
   Normal | 24 (61.5) | 88 (63.8) | 36 (72.0) | 6 (60.0) |  |
   Mild | 8 (20.5) | 24 (17.4) | 10 (20.0) | 1 (10.0) |  |
   Moderate | 4 (10.3) | 16(11.6) | 4 (8.0) | 1 (10.0) |  |
   Severe | 3 (7.7) | 10 (7.2) | 0 (0) | 2 (20.0) |  |
Laboratory values | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Troponin I (ng/ml) | 1.4 ±1.9 | 1.7 ± 1.8 | 1.6 ± 1.7 | 0.7 ± 1.2 | 0.3 |
   Total Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 150.6 ± 47 | 157.3 ± 29 | 150.5 ± 29 | 189.7 ± 47 | 0.011 |
   HDL(mg/dl) | 37.9 ± 10.6 | 38.4 ± 8.7 | 40.6 ± 10.7 | 43.1 ± 25.2 | 0.36 |
   LDL (mg/dl) | 92.2 ± 36.7 | 97.4 ± 25 | 90.4 ± 25.7 | 119.2 ± 42.8 | 0.032 |
   Triglycerides(mg/dl) | 153.2 ± 74 | 185.6 ± 145 | 143.6 ± 79 | 195.4 ± 169 | 0.17 |
   Calcium (mg/dl) | 8.9 ± 0.6 | 8.8 ± 0.6 | 9.0 ± 0.4 | 9.3 ± 0.6 | 0.038 |
   Intact PTH (pg/ml) | 59.8 ± 67.7 | 40.1 ± 28.1 | 32.8 ± 15.3 | 32.0 ± 26.5 | 0.004 |
   Phosphate (mg/dl) | 3.6 ± 0.7 | 3.5 ± 0.8 | 3.5 ± 0.7 | 3.7 ± 0.9 | 0.69 |
   hs-CRP (mg/l) | 5.2 ± 5.6 | 3.8 ± 5.3 | 3.8 ± 4.5 | 0.9 ± 0.8 | 0.12 |
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 84.7 ± 28.1 | 88.3 ± 27.3 | 80.3 ± 18.9 | 80.1 ± 18.8 | 0.25 |
Medications | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   ACEI/ARB, n (%) | 11 (27.5) | 39 (28.3) | 18 (36.0) | 1 (10.0) | 0.43 |
   Diuretic, n (%) | 9 (22.5) | 31 (22.5) | 15 (30.0) | 10(10.0) | 0.58 |
   Omega-3 supplements, n (%) | 3 (7.5) | 31 (22.5) | 18 (36.0) | 5 (50.0) | 0.002 |